Poverty counties out of poverty
In the process of getting rid of poverty and taking off the hat, it is necessary to take the exiting county as the benchmark and ensure that the results can withstand the test with strict scales, and promote the poverty alleviation results through continuous policies.
Libo Photograph of the Yaozhai New Village Community, Guying Town, Lancao County, Lankor County, Henan Province
A few days ago, the reporters of the "Weiwang" News Weekly learned from the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office that 26 poverty-stricken counties in 9 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities successfully passed the national special assessment and inspection, and will be approved by the provincial people's government to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties. In addition, it has taken the lead in passing the national special assessment and inspection, and has been approved by the provincial government on June 25 and February 27 this year. Jinggangshan City of Jiangxi Province and Lankao County of Henan Province have been approved by the provincial government. This year, 28 counties have achieved poverty alleviation. Take off the cap.
Regarding the progress of the special evaluation and inspection, Xia Gengsheng, a member of the Party Committee of the State Council's Poverty Alleviation Office, told the reporters of the “Weiwang†News Weekly that the provinces have formulated an exit plan based on the progress and basic conditions of the poverty-stricken counties in the province. In 2017, there were about 100 counties in the country. drop out. At present, the procedures for social supervision and mass evaluation are steadily advanced in accordance with the county-level proposal, municipal-level review, and provincial-level review. "The current work arrangement is to complete the assessment of the effectiveness of provincial party committees and government poverty alleviation before March next year, and complete the special assessment and inspection work for the 2015 report to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties before the end of June."
Let the poor and poor areas join the country to enter a comprehensive well-off society is our solemn commitment. Following the goal of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee to clarify the goal of poverty alleviation, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China once again emphasized this goal, namely, “ensuring that the rural poor will be lifted out of poverty under the current standards of China in the year of 2002, poverty-stricken counties. All the caps are removed to solve the regional overall poverty, so that we can get rid of poverty and really get rid of poverty."
In December 2011, the state delineated 14 concentrated contiguous areas, covering 680 national poverty alleviation and development key counties, and removing the overlap with the previously identified 592 key counties. The number of key poverty alleviation and development counties nationwide reached 832. According to the requirements of the central government, these poverty-stricken counties must be fully capped by 2020. That is to say, in the next few years, the remaining 804 poverty-stricken counties will also withdraw.
Experts in the industry pointed out that the realization of the withdrawal of the cap is only a staged victory in the journey of poverty alleviation. It only completes part of the overall goal of poverty alleviation. In the future, it is necessary to continuously consolidate the results of poverty alleviation. For other poverty-stricken counties that have not withdrawn, it is more necessary to be aware of the arduous task. “The remaining poverty-stricken counties are deeper, the scale of poverty is larger, and the basic conditions for infrastructure and economic and social development are weaker. The more difficult it is for the poor counties to withdraw, the higher the cost of exiting.†Xia Gengsheng pointed out It is necessary to take the counties that have already withdrawn as benchmarks and demonstrations, and with greater determination, clearer ideas, more precise measures, and super-conventional efforts, ensure that the quality of poverty-stricken counties is fully removed as expected, and the goal of poverty alleviation is fully realized.
Set a benchmark for poor counties
The 26 counties that were uncapped this time involved 9 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. These include: Wangdu County, Haixing County, Nanpi County, Hebei Province, Ji'an County, Jiangxi Province, Hua County, Henan Province, Wanzhou District, Chongqing City, Fengjiang County, Wulong District, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Sichuan Province. Southern County, Guang'an District, Chishui City, Guizhou Province, Chengguan District, Yadong County, Karuo District, Bayi District, Naidong District, Henan Province, Qinghai Province, Henan Mongolian Autonomous County, Tongde County, Dulan County, Bali, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Kun Kazak Autonomous County, Minfeng County, Chabuchaer Xibo Autonomous County, Tori County, Qinghe County.
In 1986, China identified 331 poverty-stricken counties in the first batch. The state has determined poverty-stricken counties and given policy funding support. This is the main method and important focus for China to achieve poverty alleviation and development in the context of low overall economic and social development and limited poverty alleviation resources.
Since then, three adjustments have been made in 1994, 2001 and 2011. The basic policy orientation is to allow the counties with good development to withdraw and the poorer counties to be included in the support scope. After entering the period of poverty alleviation, the total number of poverty-stricken counties in the country was determined to be 832. "Historically, although there have been poverty-stricken counties exiting, the general trend is that they will only increase or decrease." Xia Gengsheng said.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, decisive progress has been made in poverty alleviation. More than 60 million poor people have been lifted out of poverty, and the incidence of poverty has dropped from 10.2% to less than 4%. The 28 poverty-stricken counties have been out of poverty. It is the first time in 1986 that the country has set a poverty-stricken county for 31 years. The first time in history, the number of poverty-stricken counties has been reduced. It is also a good start to achieve the goal of all the poverty-stricken counties.
Comprehensively withdrawing from the overall situation of the county, Xia Gengsheng summed up the reporters of the "Weiwang" News Weekly that 28 counties have their own particularities and commonalities. The particularity is reflected in their natural conditions and working environment. There are both counties in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and counties in the central region. There are counties with relatively large populations and counties with relatively small populations. Among the 832 poverty-stricken counties, there are A certain representativeness. "The commonality of them is mainly reflected in the implementation of poverty alleviation, neither because of the light task but not because of the task, but also because of the delay of the task."
Wang Sangui, dean of the China Institute of Poverty Alleviation at Renmin University of China, who participated in the assessment, also said in an interview with the reporter that 26 counties, except for the overall better conditions, have the common feature of putting the responsibility for poverty alleviation into place. For example, around the goal of “two guarantees and three guaranteesâ€, the industrial poverty alleviation measures should be promoted according to local conditions; the basic work such as accurate identification and assistance in the villages should be solid, lay the foundation for the support, and ensure that the frontline support forces are in place. "It's just that some aspects are not good enough. One aspect is not in place to pass the assessment check."
"In general, the exit of these counties is mainly due to work, and responsibility is implemented." In Xia Gengsheng's view, these capped counties insisted on being more honest in the process of getting rid of poverty and tackling local conditions. The implementation of the big policy, the classification policy is doing better. "To set a benchmark for the orderly and standardized exit of poverty-stricken counties in the next few years, and to demonstrate."
Strictly exit the poverty-stricken counties
Under the background of the national battle for poverty alleviation, the exit criteria of poverty-stricken counties and the special assessment and inspection of poverty-stricken counties have received wide attention from the society. This is related to whether the results of poverty alleviation can stand the test.
In April 2016, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the “Opinions on Establishing a Poverty Exit Mechanism†to clarify that the poverty-stricken counties exited with the poverty rate as the main measure. In principle, the incidence of poverty in poverty-stricken counties in the central region should be reduced to 2 Below the %, the western region should fall below 3%. At the same time, the exit of poverty-stricken counties must complete the procedures of county-level proposal, municipal-level preliminary examination and provincial-level verification public certification. At the central level, the State Council Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development (hereinafter referred to as the Poverty Alleviation Leading Group) organizes relevant departments and relevant forces of the central and state organs to conduct special assessments and inspections on exits.
Yang Lian, deputy director of the Evaluation and Evaluation Department of the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, told the reporter of the "Weiwang" News Weekly that in October this year, the Poverty Alleviation Leading Group reviewed and approved the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office issued the "Measures for the Implementation of the Special Evaluation and Inspection of Poverty Counties". Exit requirements, standards and procedures are specified. The main assessment is the incidence of comprehensive poverty, and the leakage assessment rate, the miss rate and the mass recognition are taken as important indicators.
In the poverty-stricken counties that applied for withdrawal in 2016, it is these four indicators that are mainly evaluated and inspected. The incidence of poverty must be less than 2% (less than 3% in the western region), the rate of deviation from poverty-stricken population must be less than 2%, the rate of leakage of poor people must be less than 2%, and the recognition of the masses must be higher than 90%. If the indicator does not meet the requirements, it will not be withdrawn. The 26 counties that passed the special assessment recently met these conditions.
In order to ensure the accuracy and scientific assessment and assessment, the assessment has also undergone a pilot-first process. From January to February this year, the Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation commissioned a third-party organization to carry out pilot projects for the special evaluation of poverty-stricken counties in Jinggangshan City, Jiangxi Province and Lankao County, Henan Province. After assessment and inspection, the two counties (cities) in Jinggangshan and Henan Lankao in Jiangxi Province met the exit conditions. After the consent of the central leading comrades was requested, the provincial government approved the withdrawal.
On the basis of summarizing the pilot work, the Poverty Alleviation Leading Group plenary meeting reviewed and approved the work plan for the exit assessment and inspection of poverty-stricken counties in 2016, and established an evaluation and inspection working group composed of 10 member units of the poverty alleviation leading group, and organized third-party institutions to 9 provinces. The remaining 26 districts and municipalities applied for withdrawal from poverty-stricken counties to carry out assessment and inspection.
During the evaluation and inspection process, 7 units including Renmin University of China were entrusted to organize more than 760 teachers and students. From July 12 to August 3, 26 applications were withdrawn from the county for on-site assessment and inspection in more than 20 days. The Institute of Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was also entrusted as the chief control team, and 65 experts were dispatched to supervise the on-site assessment and inspection. “When a student conducts a questionnaire survey, each group of two people enters the household, one person is recording and recording the whole time, and one person is responsible for asking questions. The later evaluation team then analyzes according to the investigation.†Wang Sangui said that it is not only whether poor households are really out of poverty, but also whether non-poor households are missing applicants.
Xia Gengsheng also said that the assessment and inspection of a total of 550 administrative villages, 21 counties. Among the 550 spot checks, 338 were poor villages and 212 were non-poor villages. There are 320 remote and corner villages, accounting for 58.2%. The field survey was 26,800 households, and the county had about 1,000 households. There were 23,000 valid questionnaires, of which 12,000 were established, accounting for 52.4%, and 11,000 were non-documented, accounting for 47.6%.
"These are all in order to strictly remove the poverty-stricken counties. The exit of poverty-stricken counties can neither advance nor delay the 'procrastination'." The person in charge of the relevant department of the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office revealed to the reporter that there was a county and Jinggangshan City. In the same batch of Lankao County, the request for withdrawal was filed, and after strict examination, it was blocked.
Uncap the responsibility and policy
“After picking up caps in poverty-stricken counties, we still need to continue to help, supervise, and consolidate and upgrade the poor counties.†When talking about the exit of poverty-stricken counties, Xia Gengsheng said that the counties that have already withdrawn should continue to fight poverty. As a task to grasp the overall situation of the counties.
After exiting the poverty-stricken counties, it was not announced that poverty alleviation was done. Wang Sangui told reporters of the "Weiwang" News Weekly that on the one hand, the achievements of poverty alleviation need to continue to be consolidated, and it is necessary to take effective measures to prevent returning to poverty. On the other hand, there are still less than 2% of the poor in the exit counties in the central region, and less than 3% of the poor in the western regions. These poor people are all "hard bones" that need to make great efforts to get rid of poverty.
The experts interviewed pointed out that after getting rid of poverty, they cannot take responsibility and policy. We should adhere to the four aspects of the implementation of strict requirements and all aspects of poverty alleviation.
First of all, the cap is not taken off. Continue to maintain the stability of the top leaders of the county party committee. The urging has been withdrawn from the county to continue to put poverty alleviation and tackling on the important position to continue to consolidate and develop the results of poverty alleviation. Establish a long-term mechanism for poverty alleviation, increase assistance to the remaining poor, and ensure that the task of poverty alleviation is fully completed.
Secondly, the cap is not taken out of the policy. For counties that have already withdrawn, support should continue. During the period of poverty alleviation, the country’s original poverty alleviation policy remains unchanged, ensuring the stability and sustainability of poverty alleviation.
In addition, the cap is not picked up. Cadres in poverty-stricken areas, especially poverty alleviation cadres, must continue to stick to their posts and maintain continuity and effectiveness. Continue to implement the assistance in the village, and increase the assistance of the first secretary and the resident team. We will continue to implement social assistance policies such as poverty alleviation and coordination in the east and west, and poverty alleviation.
Finally, the cap is not picked up for supervision. For those who have already withdrawn from the county, they must continue to implement the most stringent assessment and assessment of poverty alleviation, strengthen supervision and management, and ensure that the results of poverty alleviation are recognized by the people and can withstand historical tests. In this regard, Yang Lian said, “In addition to the support policies, the regulatory policies cannot be removed. After the exit of the poverty-stricken counties, strict evaluation and evaluation systems will continue to be implemented. All the counties that have withdrawn should be included in the poverty alleviation assessment. Focus on assessing the stability of poverty alleviation and the stability of marginalized populations to ensure that all the poor people under the current standards will be lifted out of poverty by 2020.†(Reporter Wang Rengui, No. 45, 2017)
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