The name of the Dzi Beads can no longer be verified. Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are called Dzi Beads, Tibetans are called "Silk", and Han Chinese are called "Nine Eyes." Austrian Tibetan scholar René. De, Nebesky. Wokowitz's "Prehistoric Beads from Tibet" published in 1952 and the "Tibetan Spirits and Ghosts" published in 1953 are called "cat's eye". Doberman. Mr. Louis mentioned in the book "History of the Beads" published in 1986, that the beads are "etched or bleached red chalcedony." "New Tang Book" records: "Tubo women burst into tears, wear not to sorrow beads, the good ones of Yunzhu, Yizhu Yiyiliangma." The famous modern Tibetan scholar Dr. Geller in "The God of Tibetan Bon" The paper said that the beads are nine-eyed. Professor Liu Liangyou, a well-known scholar in Taiwan, mentioned in his article "The Detective of the Dzi Beads" that Tibetan scholars usually call the Dzi Beads "White Manau Lezi". It is a kind of material for Tibetan costumes. The Tianzhu merchant of Taiwan, Lin Dongguang, called Dzizhu from beginning to end in the article "Tibetan Dzi Beads" published in 1997.
The ancestors of Tibet believe that the Dzi Beads are supernatural objects created by God. They are naturally generated or descended from the sky. If anyone says that Dzi Beads is a handicraft of "Heaven and Man", they will be strongly opposed. Asked where many Tibetans came from Dzi Beads, they told the same ancient myth: In ancient times, Dzi Beads were ornaments worn by gods. When the beads were damaged or slightly damaged, the gods threw them down the fossils of the creatures. In the same era as nautilus and trilobite. Someone has suggested that there have been fossils of the celestial beads on the fossil mountains in the Himalayas and the fossil mountains in the northern part of the Tibetan area. The story of the common people said; once there was a man who saw such a bug at the top of the mountain, and he used a hat to pounce it and cover it. When he removed the hat, the worm had become petrified and became a dZi. R. In his article "Prehistoric Beads of Tibet", Dr. Nebesky-Wokowitz tells a story about the Ali area in western Tibet. It is believed that the Dzi Beads originated on a mountain near Rudok, and when it meets the rain, the Dzi Beads flow down the slope like a stream. However, one day, a witch stared at the mountain with an "evil eye", and the dZi immediately stopped flowing. To this day, in the place where the Dzi Beads continue to flow, you can see the distinctive, black and white stripes of the Dzi Beads. There are more than a dozen legends that are classified as sources of Dzi Beads:
1. Dzi Beads are floating creatures, floating creatures like shellfish conch. Himalayan relies on orogenic bulges. The fossils of this plankton have come to the world in the uplift.
2. Dzi Beads are drawn from Indian stone.
3. The sky is made of meteorites dropped from outer space.
4. Dzi Beads are a series of creatures like snakes.
5. The dZi was seized in the fields or found in the excrement of cattle and flocks.
6. Dzi Beads are dead worms, fossils of insects, or fossils of Dapeng garuda.
7. Dzi Beads are insects that can fly, run, and crawl.
8. Dzi Beads can be captured in the Tianzhu grasslands of Tibet.
9. The sky is a weapon made by Ashura to deal with the emperor's release (the supreme ruler of Buddhism, equivalent to the Jade Emperor in Taoism).
10. Dzi Beads are precious ornaments of the gods.
11. Discover the Dzi Beads or the Dzi Beads and get the Dzi Beads.
12. The beads of Ali Tianzhu Spring.
13. Zhizun Jinang Haimu lowered the magic weapon Dzizhu to save the victims of the Tibetan area from suffering and eliminate the disease.
14. The Tianbao of the predecessor of the Emperor Zhuhai.
15. Dzi Bead is one of the gems in the treasury of the Great Food Country (ie Persia).
16. Dzi Beads are treasures of the Agate State.
Then, what is the object of Dzizhu, from the domestic and foreign Zhijiao research and physicochemical identification of it to draw conclusions:
Dzi Bead is a process agate that is strongly alkaline and nitrate-etched.
The famous David of Germany. Ebbinghaus, Michael. Dr. Winsten, after several decades of research on his collection of hundreds of Dzi Beads, wrote a monograph in the early 1980s, called "Tibetan of the Tibetans" (Ser, take Tibetan language days) The transliteration of the "hot" of the bead). In this book, two bead research experts clearly stated: “In terms of processing technology, Tibetan beads are a kind of etched agate.†The processing method of etching agate beads is as follows: first, the pattern on the surface of the beads (in The rough-processed agate stone is covered with various patterns of molds, or a special pattern with a pattern is applied to make the other places not corroded, and the daffodil pattern is unfolded. Etching with potash, lead white base, sodium carbonate), and then roasting with fire, so that the surface of the beads adheres to the strong alkali and becomes a white color that never fades. Because of the different ingredients contained in the strong base, it is baked. White is not the same. This whitening is not only glazed on the surface, but also white under the surface, deep into the costumes. Some dZi beads, white areas are prominent. In the broken dZi, you will see that the white lines are basically the same, and the end is relatively neat. There is no white pattern on the natural stone of the stone.
Another processing technique is to first whiten the entire bead by the above method and then draw a pattern with another chemical (the best effect of copper nitrate). The beads are again grilled on fire, and a black pattern is drawn on the white base. Sometimes, the black pattern is applied directly to the natural agate of the chalcedony. Tibet’s “Tianzhu King†Karma Sangzhu sent different types of “Dzizhu†to the Shanghai Silic Acid Research Institute. The conclusion is that the etching pattern on the Dzi Bead pattern contains acid salts (along on the porcelain). The main component of the glaze is silicate), which proves once again that Dzi Bead is artificial, or that the costume is natural, and the pattern is artificial. It is more accurate to call "Heaven and Man".
The etched black and white pattern is roughly classified according to the type of process used:
The first type; a white pattern on the base of natural stone;
The second category; a black pattern that turns white;
The third category; a black pattern on the base of natural stone;
Variant one (the first type and the combination of each of the two types); first whitening a part of the bead, the rest is not white, the black pattern is etched in the white part of the bead, called "eye".
Variant 2 (combination of the first type and the third type): black and white patterns appear on the same bead, but unlike the one above, they are called "living". An interesting feature of the first type of etched agate beads is that the whitened portion exhibits a distinct difference from the untreated portion. At this point, the chemical composition of these two parts is also different. As a result, some of the beads are partially peeled off from the treated area, leaving the white pattern with a rough, chiseled skin. Since the first type of beads have this feature, those who have studied them early have left us the name of the "etched" agate. The earliest archaeological finds of this type of pattern were artificially etched and added with other substances.
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